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Structural ironworker

Also called steel fitters, rebar workers, steel erector

Structural ironworker in construction install iron elements into structures. They erect steel frameworks for buildings, bridges and other construction projects. They set metal rods, or rebar, to form reinforced concrete.

Will there be jobs?Yes, good prospectsShortage in 16 countries now. 17 jobs to fill by 2035 for every 100 people doing this work today.Metal, machinery and related trades workersWhat does it pay?About averageFrom about €1,200 (Bulgaria) to €5,100 (Denmark) a month, depending on the country.Estimate · Metal, machinery and related trades workersWhat do I need to study?Upper secondary or vocational7 in 10 finished upper secondary or vocational training. 6 in 10 train through vocational routes.Metal, machinery and related trades workersWill AI change it?Very littleLevel 1 of 6. AI could help with only small parts of the tasks.Structural metal preparers and erectors · ILO

What you'd do

Structural metal preparers and erectors · ILO
  • Marking metal framework as a guide when drilling, cutting and shaping metal stock for use in buildings, ships and other structures
  • Drilling, cutting and shaping structural steel in a workshop
  • Erecting steel framework for buildings, bridges and other constructions
  • Assembling and erecting the framework and other metal parts of ships' structures
  • Shaping and fitting structural-steel plates of ships under construction or repair
  • Riveting structural metal members by hand, machine or pneumatic riveter
Spot metal imperfectionsApply arc welding techniquesApply spot welding techniquesOperate handheld riveting equipmentFollow safety procedures when working at heights+ 12 more essential skills
What the work is like
  • On your feet most of the day
  • Lots of contact with people
  • Good freedom to decide
  • Usually 40 hours a week
  • Deadlines most weeks
  • Some repetitive tasks
US data: based on the O*NET profile of the US job "Structural Iron and Steel Workers"

Will there be jobs?

Yes, good prospects

16 EU countries are short of structural metal preparers and erectors now, but fewer jobs than in most work will need filling by 2035.

People working as metal, machinery and related trades workers in the EU
7.34m7.68m7.01m 201520232035

Solid: measured. Dashed: forecast.

Jobs to fill, 2026–2035
1,868,000 replacing leavers 594,000 jobs disappear
Jobs to fill per 100 people working now
Metal, machinery and related trades workers17
All jobs29
Right now
16 of 27 countries report a shortage of structural metal preparers and erectors, 1 a surplus.
Structural metal preparers and erectors · EURES

What does it pay?

About average

Pay depends a lot on the country: from about €1,200 a month (Bulgaria) to €5,100 (Denmark), before tax.

Pick a country at the top of the page to see typical pay there, for people under 30, and compared with all jobs.

Among craft and related trades workers in the EU, women earn 26% less per hour than men. Craft and related trades workers · Eurostat

What do I need to study?

Upper secondary or vocational

Upper secondary or vocational training in mechanics and metal trades is the usual route.

Highest qualification of metal, machinery and related trades workers (EU, 2025)
Degree 11%Vocational 62%General secondary 6%Basic schooling 21%
Field that teaches it
Mechanics and metal trades
Vocational route, EU
6 in 10 trainees in this field

Pick a country at the top of the page to see where to study and the official course finders.

Will AI change it?

Very little

AI could help with only small parts of the tasks.

How exposed is this job? ILO scale
Very low
Low
Some tasks
Moderate
Significant
High

Average task score 0.11 on a scale from 0 (AI can't do it) to 1 (AI could do it fully).

See the score for each of the 6 tasks
Assembling and erecting the framework and other metal parts of ships' structures0.14
Shaping and fitting structural-steel plates of ships under construction or repair0.12
Riveting structural metal members by hand, machine or pneumatic riveter0.11
Drilling, cutting and shaping structural steel in a workshop0.11
Marking metal framework as a guide when drilling, cutting and shaping metal stock for use in buildings, ships and other structures0.10
Erecting steel framework for buildings, bridges and other constructions0.09

Based on what AI could technically do when assessed in 2025. It is not a forecast for a future year, and not a forecast of job losses. Scores for structural metal preparers and erectors. Source: ILO (2025), adapted (credits).