Software and applications development and analysis

A field of study in information and communication technologies (ICTs)

Figures for

Where can it lead?80 jobsuse what this field teaches.ESCO

Vocational or degree?Both routes4 in 10 train through vocational routes in the EU: 125,000 finished vocational training and 183,000 higher education in this field (2024). Figures for the wider field.Eurostat

Do graduates use it?77% in a matching jobof ICT graduates with a degree in the EU work in a job that matches what they studied. After vocational training: 45%.All ICT fields · Eurostat 2024

Do they find work?87% in workof people who finished higher education in the last 1 to 3 years in the EU (2025). Vocational training: 80%. General upper secondary only: 67%.All fields · Eurostat

What you'd learn

Computer programmingPython (computer programming)JavaScriptSystems development life-cyclePHPResource description framework query languageAJAXJava (computer programming)Assembly (computer programming)C++C#Objective-C+ 13 more

The knowledge areas ESCO files under this field, those most needed by jobs first. Actual programmes vary by school and country.

Where it can lead

80 jobs use what this field teaches.

Sort by

Jobs that use what software and applications development and analysis teaches
Job	Prospects	Pay	Usual study	AI exposure
Numerical tool and process control programmer	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
Software tester	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
Software architect	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
ICT application developer	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
Industrial mobile devices software developer	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
Software developer	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
Digital games developer	Good	Well above average	Degree	High
ICT application configurator	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
Web developer	Good	Well above average	Degree	High
ICT system developer	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
Embedded system designer	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
Mobile devices technician	Average	About average	Vocational	Very low
ICT system analyst	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
ICT system architect	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
Integration engineer	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
User interface developer	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
ICT network engineer	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
ICT test analyst	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
Software analyst	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
Enterprise architect	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
Data entry clerk	Limited	About average	Vocational	High
ICT research consultant	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
Knowledge engineer	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
ICT security technician	Good	About average	Post-secondary	Moderate
User interface designer	Good	Well above average	Degree	High
Data quality specialist	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
ICT technician	Good	About average	Post-secondary	Moderate
Artificial intelligence engineer	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
ICT change and configuration manager	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
Data entry supervisor	Average	About average	Post-secondary	Moderate
Webmaster	Good	About average	Post-secondary	Significant
Database designer	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
Cloud software developer	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
Data warehouse designer	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
Chief technology officer	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
3D modeller	Good	Above average	Degree	Moderate
Telecommunications engineering technician	Good	About average	Post-secondary	Low
Database developer	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
Telecommunications engineer	Good	Above average	Degree	Moderate
Cloud engineer	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
Chief information officer	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
ICT disaster recovery analyst	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
Digital media designer	Good	Above average	Degree	Moderate
Digital games designer	Good	Above average	Degree	Moderate
ICT capacity planner	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
User experience analyst	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
Web designer	Good	Above average	Degree	Moderate
Digital forensics expert	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
ICT quality assurance manager	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
Computer scientist	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
Cloud architect	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
IoT developer	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
ICT system administrator	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
ICT system integration consultant	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
Ethical hacker	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
ICT auditor manager	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
Restaurant manager	Limited	Well above average	Post-secondary	Low
Data centre operator	Good	About average	Post-secondary	Moderate
Battery simulation engineer	Good	Above average	Degree	Very low
Web content manager	Good	Well above average	Degree	High
Computer vision engineer	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
Cloud identity manager	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
Data scientist	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
Database integrator	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
ICT help desk agent	Good	About average	Post-secondary	Moderate
ICT operations manager	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
Data analyst	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
Performance video designer	Good	Above average	Degree	Moderate
Process engineering technician	Average	About average	Post-secondary	Very low
Telecommunications equipment maintainer	Average	About average	Vocational	Very low
IT auditor	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
Industrial engineering technician	Average	About average	Post-secondary	Very low
Database administrator	Good	Well above average	Degree	Significant
3D printing technician	Average	About average	Post-secondary	Low
Stop-motion animator	Good	Above average	Degree	Moderate
Performance lighting designer	Good	Above average	Degree	Moderate
Printed circuit board designer	Average	About average	Post-secondary	Low
ICT consultant	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
ICT product manager	Good	Well above average	Degree	Moderate
Computer hardware repair technician	Average	About average	Vocational	Very low

Jobs that need the knowledge this field teaches (ESCO), closest match first. This is not a record of where graduates actually end up: no EU-wide data says that per field.

Where to study

887 institutions in the EU offer ICT bachelor's degrees. Pick a country at the top of the page to see where to study and the official course finders.