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Typist

Also called phonotypist, audio typist, clerk typist

Typists operate computers to type and revise documents and compile material to be typed, such as correspondence, reports, statistical tables, forms, and audios. They read instructions accompanying material or follow verbal instructions to determine requirements such as number of copies needed, priority and desired format.

Will there be jobs?Limited prospects18 jobs to fill by 2035 for every 100 people doing this work today.General and keyboard clerksWhat does it pay?About averageFrom about €1,100 (Bulgaria) to €5,200 (Luxembourg) a month, depending on the country.Estimate · General and keyboard clerksWhat do I need to study?Upper secondary or vocational6 in 10 finished upper secondary or vocational training.General and keyboard clerksWill AI change it?StronglyLevel 6 of 6. AI could take on part of most tasks, but none fully.Typists and word processing operators · ILO

What you'd do

Typists and word processing operators · ILO
  • Typing written material from rough drafts, corrected copies, voice recordings or shorthand using a computer, word processor or typewriter
  • Checking completed work for proper spelling, grammar, punctuation and formatting
  • Gathering and arranging the material to be typed, following instructions
  • Filing and storing completed documents on computer hard drive or disk, or maintain a computer filing system to store, retrieve or update documents
  • Taking dictation and recording other matter in shorthand
  • Reproducing the spoken word, environmental sounds and song lyrics as captions for cinema and television programming
  • Transcribing information recorded in shorthand and on sound recording equipment
Type error-free documentsDecode handwritten textsAlign content with formUse free typing techniquesLiaise with typists+ 6 more essential skills
What the work is like
  • Indoors
  • Sitting most of the day
  • Constant contact with people, including the public
  • Some freedom to decide
  • Usually 40 hours a week
  • Deadlines most weeks
  • Very repetitive tasks
US data: based on the O*NET profile of the US job "Word Processors and Typists"

Will there be jobs?

Limited prospects

Fewer jobs than in most work will need filling by 2035.

People working as general and keyboard clerks in the EU
6.61m8.91m8.7m 201520232035

Solid: measured. Dashed: forecast.

Jobs to fill, 2026–2035
1,798,000 replacing leavers 200,000 jobs disappear
Jobs to fill per 100 people working now
General and keyboard clerks18
All jobs29
Right now
1 of 27 countries report a shortage of typists and word processing operators, 5 a surplus.
Typists and word processing operators · EURES

What does it pay?

About average

Pay depends a lot on the country: from about €1,100 a month (Bulgaria) to €5,200 (Luxembourg), before tax.

Pick a country at the top of the page to see typical pay there, for people under 30, and compared with all jobs.

Among clerical support workers in the EU, women earn 9% less per hour than men. Clerical support workers · Eurostat

What do I need to study?

Upper secondary or vocational

Upper secondary or vocational training is the usual route.

Highest qualification of general and keyboard clerks (EU, 2025)
Degree 35%Vocational 43%General secondary 15%Basic schooling 7%

Pick a country at the top of the page to see where to study and the official course finders.

Will AI change it?

Strongly

AI could take on part of most tasks, but none fully.

How exposed is this job? ILO scale
Very low
Low
Some tasks
Moderate
Significant
High

Average task score 0.65 on a scale from 0 (AI can't do it) to 1 (AI could do it fully).

See the score for each of the 7 tasks
Checking completed work for proper spelling, grammar, punctuation and formatting0.70
Reproducing the spoken word, environmental sounds and song lyrics as captions for cinema and television programming0.69
Filing and storing completed documents on computer hard drive or disk, or maintain a computer filing system to store, retrieve or update documents0.69
Taking dictation and recording other matter in shorthand0.67
Typing written material from rough drafts, corrected copies, voice recordings or shorthand using a computer, word processor or typewriter0.67
Transcribing information recorded in shorthand and on sound recording equipment0.60
Gathering and arranging the material to be typed, following instructions0.56

Based on what AI could technically do when assessed in 2025. It is not a forecast for a future year, and not a forecast of job losses. Scores for typists and word processing operators. Source: ILO (2025), adapted (credits).