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Tram driver

Also called driver of trams, metro train driver, light rail train driver

Tram drivers operate trams, take fares, and look after passengers.

Will there be jobs?Yes, good prospectsShortage in 18 countries now. 19 jobs to fill by 2035 for every 100 people doing this work today.Drivers and mobile plant operatorsWhat does it pay?About averageFrom about €1,000 (Bulgaria) to €5,100 (Denmark) a month, depending on the country.Estimate · Drivers and mobile plant operatorsWhat do I need to study?Upper secondary or vocational6 in 10 finished upper secondary or vocational training. 8 in 10 train through vocational routes.Drivers and mobile plant operatorsWill AI change it?Very littleLevel 1 of 6. AI could help with only small parts of the tasks.Bus and tram drivers · ILO

What you'd do

Bus and tram drivers · ILO
  • Driving and tending motor buses, trolley buses or motor coaches to transport local or long-distance passengers, mail or goods
  • Driving and tending street tramcars transporting passengers
  • Opening and closing doors before or after passengers board or alight
  • Assisting passengers with luggage
  • Controlling lighting, heating and ventilation on buses and trams
  • Observing traffic to ensure safe progress
  • Collecting fares or verifying passenger has necessary ticket
Adhere to transportation work scheduleClean road vehiclesPerform defensive drivingEnsure vehicle operabilityDrive in urban areas+ 23 more essential skills
What the work is like
  • Mostly outdoors
  • Sitting most of the day
  • Lots of contact with people, including the public
  • Little freedom to decide
  • Often more than 40 hours a week
  • Deadlines most weeks
  • Some repetitive tasks
US data: based on the O*NET profile of the US job "Subway and Streetcar Operators"

Will there be jobs?

Yes, good prospects

18 EU countries are short of bus and tram drivers now, but fewer jobs than in most work will need filling by 2035.

People working as drivers and mobile plant operators in the EU
8.26m9.01m8.74m 201520232035

Solid: measured. Dashed: forecast.

Jobs to fill, 2026–2035
1,996,000 replacing leavers 322,000 jobs disappear
Jobs to fill per 100 people working now
Drivers and mobile plant operators19
All jobs29
Right now
18 of 27 countries report a shortage of bus and tram drivers, 5 a surplus.
Bus and tram drivers · EURES

What does it pay?

About average

Pay depends a lot on the country: from about €1,000 a month (Bulgaria) to €5,100 (Denmark), before tax.

Pick a country at the top of the page to see typical pay there, for people under 30, and compared with all jobs.

Among plant and machine operators, and assemblers in the EU, women earn 21% less per hour than men. Plant and machine operators, and assemblers · Eurostat

What do I need to study?

Upper secondary or vocational

Upper secondary or vocational training in transport services is the usual route.

Highest qualification of drivers and mobile plant operators (EU, 2025)
Degree 8%Vocational 52%General secondary 11%Basic schooling 28%
Field that teaches it
Transport services
Vocational route, EU
8 in 10 trainees in this field

Pick a country at the top of the page to see where to study and the official course finders.

Will AI change it?

Very little

AI could help with only small parts of the tasks.

How exposed is this job? ILO scale
Very low
Low
Some tasks
Moderate
Significant
High

Average task score 0.18 on a scale from 0 (AI can't do it) to 1 (AI could do it fully).

See the score for each of the 7 tasks
Controlling lighting, heating and ventilation on buses and trams0.25
Collecting fares or verifying passenger has necessary ticket0.25
Observing traffic to ensure safe progress0.23
Driving and tending motor buses, trolley buses or motor coaches to transport local or long-distance passengers, mail or goods0.17
Assisting passengers with luggage0.15
Driving and tending street tramcars transporting passengers0.12
Opening and closing doors before or after passengers board or alight0.09

Based on what AI could technically do when assessed in 2025. It is not a forecast for a future year, and not a forecast of job losses. Scores for bus and tram drivers. Source: ILO (2025), adapted (credits).