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Coking furnace operator

Also called coker, coke oven operator, coking oven operator

Coking furnace operators monitor the operation of a usually automatic industrial oven that takes in crushed, washed, and blended bituminous coal and heats it to temperatures between 1000 and 2000 °C without the presence of oxygen in order to obtain cokes. The finished cokes are then quenched with water or air and prepared for transport.

Will there be jobs?Limited prospects22 jobs to fill by 2035 for every 100 people doing this work today.Stationary plant and machine operatorsWhat does it pay?About averageFrom about €1,000 (Bulgaria) to €5,500 (Denmark) a month, depending on the country.Estimate · Stationary plant and machine operatorsWhat do I need to study?Upper secondary or vocational6 in 10 finished upper secondary or vocational training.Stationary plant and machine operatorsWill AI change it?Very littleLevel 1 of 6. AI could help with only small parts of the tasks.Chemical products plant and machine operators · ILO

What you'd do

Chemical products plant and machine operators · ILO
  • Setting up, starting, controlling, adjusting and stopping machines and plant
  • Monitoring reaction processes and transfers of products in conformity with safety procedures
  • Monitoring meters, gauges and electronic instrumentation on one or more chemical or formulation units, such as mixers, kettles, blenders, dryers, tabletting, encapsulation, granulation and coating machines
  • Measuring, weighing and loading chemical ingredients following formulation cards
  • Making samples and performing routine chemical and physical tests of products and recording production data
  • Cleaning and performing minor repairs to machines and plant
Monitor coke quenchingOperate heat treatment furnacePrevent damage in a furnaceExtract materials from furnaceMeasure furnace temperature+ 5 more essential skills
What the work is like
  • A mix of sitting and standing
  • Lots of contact with people, mostly with colleagues
  • Some freedom to decide
  • Usually 40 hours a week
  • Deadlines now and then
  • Some repetitive tasks
US data: based on the O*NET profile of the related, broader US job "Furnace, Kiln, Oven, Drier, and Kettle Operators and Tenders"

Will there be jobs?

Limited prospects

Fewer jobs than in most work will need filling by 2035.

People working as stationary plant and machine operators in the EU
4.79m4.76m4.7m 201520232035

Solid: measured. Dashed: forecast.

Jobs to fill, 2026–2035
1,125,000 replacing leavers 71,000 jobs disappear
Jobs to fill per 100 people working now
Stationary plant and machine operators22
All jobs29
Right now
8 of 27 countries report a shortage of chemical products plant and machine operators, 2 a surplus.
Chemical products plant and machine operators · EURES

What does it pay?

About average

Pay depends a lot on the country: from about €1,000 a month (Bulgaria) to €5,500 (Denmark), before tax.

Pick a country at the top of the page to see typical pay there, for people under 30, and compared with all jobs.

Among plant and machine operators, and assemblers in the EU, women earn 21% less per hour than men. Plant and machine operators, and assemblers · Eurostat

What do I need to study?

Upper secondary or vocational

Upper secondary or vocational training is the usual route.

Highest qualification of stationary plant and machine operators (EU, 2025)
Degree 8%Vocational 53%General secondary 10%Basic schooling 29%

Pick a country at the top of the page to see where to study and the official course finders.

Will AI change it?

Very little

AI could help with only small parts of the tasks.

How exposed is this job? ILO scale
Very low
Low
Some tasks
Moderate
Significant
High

Average task score 0.24 on a scale from 0 (AI can't do it) to 1 (AI could do it fully).

See the score for each of the 6 tasks
Making samples and performing routine chemical and physical tests of products and recording production data0.34
Monitoring reaction processes and transfers of products in conformity with safety procedures0.29
Monitoring meters, gauges and electronic instrumentation on one or more chemical or formulation units, such as mixers, kettles, blenders, dryers, tabletting, encapsulation, granulation and coating machines0.28
Measuring, weighing and loading chemical ingredients following formulation cards0.21
Setting up, starting, controlling, adjusting and stopping machines and plant0.20
Cleaning and performing minor repairs to machines and plant0.14

Based on what AI could technically do when assessed in 2025. It is not a forecast for a future year, and not a forecast of job losses. Scores for chemical products plant and machine operators. Source: ILO (2025), adapted (credits).